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Glossary |
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If we have we used a word or abreviation in our discriptions that you are unfarmilliar with, or you are just interested in becoming better versed in wood termonology, you have come to the right place. Below you will find the first installment of a working glossary that will help clarify how we here at CSWoods define specific terms. Please feel free to email Alana with questions or word additions if you think of a term we are missing. |
AD: abbr. air dried - wood dried without heat Board Foot: a cubic measurement of quantity – ie: 1`` x 12`` x 12`` Bole: the stem of the tree also know as the tree trunk Checks: separations in wood fibers, also know as cracks Clear: a plank that is free of knots or other defects Collapse: a plank with shriveled or irregular surface due to drying tension Crotch: a feather like figure produced by cutting centrally through two branches Flatsawn: lumber sawn tangent to growth rings resulting in a cathedral or hourglass pattern on the face of a board Flitch: veneer cut into sequential sheets, waney edged sequential planks sawn through the bole Grading: Rules will vary between species but here are some loose rules of thumb: Selects - 91 2/3% clear cuttings FAS - firsts and seconds, 83 1/3% clear cuttings FIF - firsts and seconds 1 face, 83 1/3% clear on one face #1 Common - 83% - 66% clear cuttings #2 Common - 66% - 50% clear cuttings Heartwood: that part of a tree no longer living, typically of a darker color than the sapwood Honeycomb: drying defect resulting in internal checking KD: abbr. kiln dried - wood dried with heat Linear Foot: measurement of length of a given material Live Edge: wane Pin Knot: knot 1/4`` in diameter or less Planing: to surface both faces of a board, usually with a rotary cutterhead Quarter Sawn: wood cut radially, growth rings approach 90 degrees to the face of the board, resulting in a linear character and exposing the Ray flecks Rift Sawn: wood cut at 45 degrees to the growth rings, resulting in a linear character Roed Grain: ribbon or striped figure formed by alternating, irregular grain direction Sapwood: living tissue on the outside of a tree, typically lighter in color than heartwood Spalt: partially decayed wood with characteristic irregular discolorations Square Foot: a two dimensional measurement in which the thickness is not accounted for, length and width only are counted Straight Line Rip: lumber sawn with a straight edge Thickness Measurements:
4/4 - four quarter, one inch thick (wood less than 4/4 is typically tallied as 4/4)
5/4 - five quarter, one and one quarter inch thick
6/4 - six quarter, one and one half inch thick
8/4 - eight quarter, two inches thick
10/4 - ten quarter, two and one half inches thick
12/4 - three inches thick
16/4 - four inches thick
Wane: the outside of the tree, just beneath the bark |
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Come walk "the wall"! |
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Stacks in the sun! |
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Lumber under cover. |
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